Respecting Indigenous TerminologyRespecting Indigenous Terminology

Native American Vs American Indian Vs Indigenous

Regardless of which term you use, it’s important to approach conversations with Indigenous people with respect and care. They’re often defensive about how they’re portrayed in the media and by others.

They’re also changing how they see themselves. For instance, many are pushing for the 2020 Census to ask about tribal affiliation separately from racial identity.

Native American

There is a wide range of terms that refer to indigenous people in the United States and Canada. The term Native American is the most neutral in both countries, although many Indigenous people prefer to use their own endonyms (such as Cree or Lakota). A new question on the census that allows individuals to self-identify their tribal affiliation would be a step towards delinking indigeneity from race and getting a more accurate picture of the population.

However, the best way to avoid offending someone is to ask them which term they prefer. Then, listen to their answer with respect. For example, the Native American Journalists Association is currently voting on a rebranding to Indigenous Journalists Association, which reflects changing trends in cultural identity. The organization hopes that the name change will help to create an environment of mutual respect and understanding. The vote ends Aug. 10. This story originally appeared on UCLA Today. Follow the team on Twitter: @UCLAToday.

American Indian

The term Indian is still used by many Native-run organizations and government agencies, but it can carry a history of negative stereotypes. Many Indigenous people feel it conflates a specific racial grouping and the concept of tribal nationhood, Ellis said.

In addition, the word evokes colonial associations as Europeans equated the behavior of Indigenous people with savagery as they expanded into new territories. Some Indigenous people avoid using the term and prefer instead to use a specific tribe name for themselves.

The terms Indigenous people and American Indian are also acceptable, but each person has a preference on how they would like to be addressed. The best way to avoid using the wrong term is to ask the person you are talking with what they prefer. If they don’t have a preference, use the term that the majority of their community uses. This will help ensure accuracy and respect. For example, the Osage, Caddo, Kiowa, and Comanche consider themselves Indigenous to Oklahoma.

Indigenous

When you’re referring to Native people in general, it’s best to stick with “Native American” or “Indigenous.” You should also check with the individual person you’re addressing to determine what they prefer.

In some cases, it matters to use the tribe name, especially if the person has self-identified with that particular Native nation. For instance, if someone is a citizen of the White Earth Nation, they should be addressed as such. The same is true of the Metis, a group from western Canada that blends European (often French Canadian) and Aboriginal culture.

Many tribal leaders want to move away from terms like “Indian,” which is a vestige of Columbus’s blunder and categorizes them as Americans, a name they didn’t choose. They are fighting for recognition of their rights to reclaim their heritage. That’s why they’re calling for decolonizing language and advocating for a shift to Indigenous Peoples Day, rather than Columbus Day. This is a worldwide movement.

First Nation

The term First Nation refers to hundreds of individual tribes and nations that inhabited the Americas long before European colonists. Many Indigenous people prefer this term over others, such as Native American or Indian because it emphasizes their tribal identity.

It is best to always ask the person you are talking to which they prefer, as this could vary based on their tribe, age, or culture. Using their preferred terminology shows that you respect them.

For instance, while the term “Indian” is still used in some contexts, some Indigenous people feel it’s a pejorative because of its association with Columbus Day and other racist stereotypes. They also have to endure ongoing human rights abuses that force them off their traditional lands and into low-resource reservations or cities, where they’re often mistreated by police or suffer from substance addiction. As a result, they’re more likely to have poor health outcomes and life expectancy than non-Indigenous people.

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Ancient and Indigenous Christmas Tree TraditionsAncient and Indigenous Christmas Tree Traditions

Indigenous Christmas Tree Traditions

Many Indigenous families like to adorn their homes with Christmas trees. This is an occasion to offer gratitude, honour family and ancestors and follow ritual observations of regeneration connected to the winter solstice.

It’s believed the modern Christmas tree tradition started in Germany in the 1400s into the 1500s with a fir tree decorated as a Paradise Tree, tied to the Christian creation story of Adam and Eve. Its popularity soon spread to England.

Ancient Egyptians

Throughout history, people have used greenery in their homes during the winter solstice to symbolize life and renewal. One of the earliest examples is from the Egyptians, who worshipped the sun god Ra. At the solstice, they would decorate their homes with green palm rushes. These represented the return of the sun from the dark days of winter and a reminder that life would soon return to the land.

This custom was followed by the Romans, who used evergreen plants to celebrate Saturnalia. Later, the Druids and Vikings of Northern Europe also decorated their houses with evergreens. The modern Christmas tree is a European tradition, with the first one likely being erected in Germany by the 16th century. The German reformer Martin Luther is credited with popularizing the use of the Christmas tree.

Some groups such as RCG and WCG cite Jeremiah 10 to claim that Christmas trees are idols of Babylonian pagan deities. However, examining the historic sources and biblical interpretation of this verse makes it clear that these claims are erroneous.

Early Romans

Evergreen trees are popular for Christmas decoration because they symbolize the everlasting life of nature. They also have fertility properties, a symbol of the coming spring. The ancient Egyptians decked their houses and temples at the winter solstice with sprigs of date palm (Ra).

The use of Christmas trees can be traced back to pre-Christian/pagan traditions and also Roman celebrations for the god Saturnalia. Fir trees were used as a decoration in the Roman temples for this festival.

A modern legend is that Martin Luther, the 16th-century Protestant reformer, added lighted candles to a fir tree and thus started what we now think of as the modern Christmas tree. However, this seems to be a case of pareidolia: the human brain interprets patterns to match what is familiar.

The oldest record of a decorated Christmas tree is from a diary from 1605, when the Germans set up a fir tree in their homes and decorated it with paper roses, apples and gold covered wafers. This was a variation on the “paradise tree” which were used in medieval German Mystery or miracle plays that told Bible stories to people who couldn’t read.

Puritans

Christmas trees are a given in most households in North America today, but this wasn’t always the case. Evergreens and trees have been used in celebrations since prehistoric times, and the earliest incarnations of the holiday were largely pagan.

During the Reformation, Protestants like Martin Luther sought to rid Christianity of its “pagan” vestiges. He reworked the tree’s symbolism by putting candles on it, giving it more of a cosmic scope that pointed to heaven. He unintentionally brought the tree closer to its indigenous roots and perhaps even drew it closer to the Norse Yggdrasil, the tree that links the mortal and divine worlds.

But Puritans saw this as a dangerous frivolity and tried to put an end to Christmas celebrations. They viewed the holidays as pagan, Catholic, non-scriptural and socially disruptive. They viewed it as a time of disorder, drunkenness and often licentious behavior that inverted gender roles. This was a serious offense to their desire for an orderly society that valued chastity.

Americans

Many Americans were introduced to the Christmas tree by German settlers in the 18th century. They favored the open look of evergreen tips and hung them with apples, gilded nuts and strips of red paper. They were also the first to add lighted candles to their trees.

It’s possible your ancestors saw the image of the British royal family and their Christmas tree in an edition of Godey’s Lady’s Book, published in 1848. The woodcut image reached hundreds of thousands of people and permanently changed the way Americans kept their Christmas traditions.

In the Ojibwe culture of Wisconsin, a story is told of Kokum (Grandmother) who goes to get a Christmas tree for her family. When the grandchildren see the scrawny tree she brought home, they laugh at her and throw it away. But Kokum is a wise woman, and she takes the scrawny tree with her to her tepee for a special ceremony. This is where her grandchildren learn the value of being resourceful and creative when it comes to finding gifts for Christmas.

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The Invisible Network: Unveiling the Role of 카지노총판 in the Online Gaming IndustryThe Invisible Network: Unveiling the Role of 카지노총판 in the Online Gaming Industry

Venturing into the dynamic landscape of online gaming, one term often emerges shimmering with intrigue: 카지노총판. This Korean phrase, which translates to ‘casino distributor’, is a pivotal component in the web of gaming operations. Picture this: a realm where the thrill of chance coalesces with the strategic dance of business partnerships – that’s the world of a casino distributor.

Imagine strolling through the digital alleys of gaming platforms, the glowing screens a gateway to a universe brimming with opportunities. At the heart lies the strategic alliance between casinos and their distributors. A 카지노총판 doesn’t just blindly distribute; they are maestros of networking, experts in marketing, and pillars supporting the vast edifice of the gaming industry. Their role? To weave together players and platforms in a tapestry of exhilarating gameplay and mutual benefit.

When we delve into the mechanics of their operations, we discover a rich tapestry of responsibilities. They negotiate deals, carve out market territories, and provide the vital links in the user acquisition chain. These distributors harness the power of relationships, ensuring that each spin of the roulette wheel and shuffle of the deck reaches a wider audience, cultivating a thriving community of players.

Delving deeper into this narrative, let’s consider the essence of human engagement in online gaming. A 카지노총판 masters the art of creating an environment where players don’t just come to play; they come to experience a story, a journey filled with wins, losses, and the sweet taste of the thrill. Each game becomes more than just a game—it’s a narrative that the player shapes with every decision and chance encounter.

A casino distributor, like any good craftsman, tailors their strategies to the ever-evolving desires of the market. Just like the shifting sands of fortune in a game of blackjack, they adapt, ensuring that their services stay relevant, engaging, and ahead of the curve. Player satisfaction isn’t just a goal; it’s the currency that fuels the ecosystem of online gaming.

As we glide towards our conclusion, consider the harmony within the chaos, the meticulous design in the randomness, and the order in the disarray of online gaming. 카지노총판 stands as a symbol of this contradiction, a beacon guiding the industry through the labyrinth of competition and technology.

So, when you next place your bets or spin the slot reels, take a moment to acknowledge the invisible network, the artful choreography of the casino distributor. They are the unsung heroes whose efforts elevate the experience from a mere click to an odyssey.

FAQs:

1. What is a 카지노총판?
A casino distributor, referred to as 카지노총판 in Korean, is an entity responsible for distributing online casino services to various regions and managing partnerships between casinos and their client bases.

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Their responsibilities include negotiating deals, determining market territories, fostering user acquisition, and positioning the casino’s offerings to appeal to players.

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They ensure a broad, engaging gaming environment, creating a platform where players can enjoy an immersive narrative through the games they play.

4. Can 카지노총판 adapt to changing market demands?
Yes, they analyze market trends and player preferences to adapt their strategies, ensuring the services they provide remain relevant and competitive.

5. Why are 카지노총판 important to the online gaming industry?
They are critical in connecting casinos with their audiences, driving player acquisition, and supporting the industry’s growth through dynamic marketing and distribution strategies.…

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The Controversy Surrounding the Term IndianThe Controversy Surrounding the Term Indian

Where Does the Word Indian Come From?

Many people wonder what the most appropriate and respectful term is for describing Indigenous Nations, communities and individuals. Unfortunately, there is no one answer that fits all situations.

Many Indigenous people object to the use of the word Indian, which derives from Christopher Columbus’ mistaken belief that he had arrived in India. The more accurate term Aboriginal peoples is preferred by some.

Origins

Indian is a term that refers to people from India or its neighbouring countries. It first appeared in English as a geographical name in the late 1400s when Christopher Columbus thought he had reached Asia and named indigenous people Indians, or Indios.

Indian has also been used to describe the cultural heritage of many indigenous communities and is a source of a number of English words such as dungarees, avatar, jungle, tank, shampoo and roti. It is also the basis of some of the names of places in Canada and elsewhere, including New York, North Carolina, South Dakota and Alberta.

However, some Indigenous communities have a preference for other terms to refer to them. This is because the word Indian can have negative connotations for them and it may not reflect their own identity. In some cases, they use the term Native to confirm their heritage and legal identities that are set out in the Indian Act of Canada.

Meaning

The word Indian can have negative connotations for some Native peoples. Some prefer to use other terms, such as indigena (Indigenous), comunidad (community), or pueblo.

In many Indian communities, there are strong ties of mutual dependency and support among family members. Traditionally, extended families live together in clusters called villages or towns. These are typically surrounded by fields and forests, with family members taking turns to tend the land and providing food for the group.

There are over 566 federally recognized tribes in the United States, and each has a distinct culture. Many American Indians describe themselves by both their tribal name and nation, because Europeans often distorted their native names or renamed them with their own. Some people have a dual status as citizens of the United States and members of a tribe, and each has its own laws. This can lead to conflicting rules and obligations. Some tribal governments do not recognize citizenship by birth and require registration to qualify for benefits.

Etymology

Indian is a word with many meanings. It is also the name of a country and a language. It is often used in English, but it has many other uses as well. It is a part of the vocabulary of many languages, including Hindi and Telugu. It is used in the names of places in India, such as Delhi and Mumbai. It is also a common ingredient in the names of foods, such as chutney and roti. It is also used to describe the culture and traditions of India.

The term ‘Indian’ is problematic for some peoples, such as the Cherokee nation, who were called Indians during their removal in 1830s and 1840s under the Indian Removal Act of the United States. Most Native Americans prefer to be called by their specific tribal names, which themselves may carry connotations. However, the generic terms such as American Indian or Native American are widely accepted in a legal context in the US.

Usage

Indian is still used as an identifier for indigenous peoples in North America, though less frequently than in the past. In Canada, terms like Indigenous and Aboriginal are generally considered more politically correct than Indian in references to indigenous peoples as a whole.

The word Indian is also still used in Southeast Asia, where it has the Sanskrit alias of Jambu Dvipa (lit. berry island). In Korea and Vietnam, it is known as An Do or Indo.

The word Indian is a misleading term for indigenous peoples of North America, but it is difficult to change the term once it has entered popular culture. Many activists have sought to replace the term with more accurate ones, such as Native American and First Nations. However, it is not clear whether these alternative terms will gain traction in the long run. Ultimately, it is up to indigenous peoples themselves to decide how they want to be referred to.

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Advocating for Indigenous Language Revitalization and PreservationAdvocating for Indigenous Language Revitalization and Preservation

An Insight Into the Indigenous Language Institute

An indigenous language institute provides vital language related services to native communities so that their individual identities, traditional wisdom and values are passed on to future generations in their own languages.

AILDI’s most immediate impacts can be seen in indigenous schools, classrooms and community language programs. Previously unwritten languages are being committed to writing.

Purposes and Goals

AILDI is dedicated to advocacy and support of schools that utilize Indigenous languages as the medium of instruction. These schools are not just teaching a subject in the Indigenous language, but are providing opportunities for students to learn their culture and heritage.

Ultimately, these schools provide a pathway that prioritizes language survival while producing academic and social outcomes on par with or better than those of non-native students. This model of education also supports community revitalization and the preservation of Indigenous languages.

ILI accomplishes its work by leveraging resources and networking to build partnerships between community language practitioners, educators, researchers and scholars. These partnerships are realized through a national clearinghouse, a Resource Library and a field survey project, as well as regional training workshops and scholarly symposia.

Field Survey Project

The field survey project brings together indigenous families and students to share experiences of language revitalization and preservation. This shared knowledge helps to build trust and strengthen connections across generations.

Many indigenous communities are working to heal the trauma caused by decades of government policies aimed at forcibly assimiling them. These efforts are crucial to preserving their languages.

NILI is one of a number of programs worldwide that are helping to reclaim languages from oblivion and revitalize them for their own people. Those programs all share common components, such as curriculum development; community and parent involvement; and written teaching materials. Indigenous languages are not merely tools for learning; they are part of people’s identities and spirituality, and connect them to their homeland (Engman and Hermes 2021). They also support the transmission of highly specialized place-based knowledges and ecocentric worldviews.

Information Resource Center (Clearinghouse)

For many people, their language is an integral part of identity, culture and healing. For some communities, language is an endangered treasure that needs reviving and preserving.

NILI offers resources and referrals to those interested in learning the languages of their ancestral homes. These include a national clearinghouse and resource library, a field survey project, and national and regional symposia and workshops.

The institute also provides training in the use of multimedia technology to enable community language practitioners to create materials in their heritage languages, such as storybooks and Internet programs. It offers a Language Materials Development Center and hosts an annual Youth Language Fair. In addition, it publishes resource directories and “how to” handbooks for communities. It also holds an annual honors event and produces a semi-annual newsletter.

Regional Training Workshops

Decades of government policies aimed at forcibly assimiling Native Americans resulted in the severe diminishment and, at times, loss of many Indigenous languages. The institute continues to address the damage caused by this legacy through language revitalization and preservation efforts.

– Multimedia Technology Training workshops introduce participants to technology that supports heritage language use and teaching: computer software and fonts, storybook creation and digital storytelling. NILI also provides a language recording lab to convert older formats into current and stable media for future recordings.

This session teaches the principles of evaluation and provides a hands-on experience with developing an evaluation plan for a specific initiative, program or exhibit. Participants will learn how to report results from an evaluation to internal teams and external audiences.

RELATE Seminars

AILDI is more than just a summer program. It’s a year-round effort to promote sustainable avenues for community language and literacy development and to reform local educational practices. This collaboration has entailed site visits and research, linguistic consulting by telephone, and collaborative materials development. It also has established lasting ties between indigenous educators and AILDI faculty.

“AILDI has been a major reason that I came to the UO,” said Allyson Alvarado, who goes by Tayksiki, a Yakama graduate student and language revitalization activist. “Their workshops and conferences provide a great opportunity to learn more about my language and how to teach it.”

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Indigenous Band Songs: Inspiring Messages and Danceable RhythmsIndigenous Band Songs: Inspiring Messages and Danceable Rhythms

Indigenous Band Songs That Will Inspire You

From hip hop to hand drums, Indigenous music is a musical experience unlike any other. It delivers powerful messages wrapped up in danceable, grooving rhythms that put a spring in your step.

Mato Nanji and his siblings formed their band Indigenous while in their late teens. Their debut album Things We Do was released in 1998 and their title track’s video was directed by Chris Eyre, who also made the award winning Native American film Smoke Signals.

“America the Beautiful” by Jody Brown Indian Family

With a soulful voice and a heartfelt message, Jody Brown Indian Family delivers an uplifting song that will inspire you. The band’s music blends traditional and contemporary elements to create a unique sound that captures the hearts of listeners worldwide.

This song is a beautiful tribute to the beauty and strength of America. Its lyrics explore the importance of preserving one’s cultural heritage and fighting for the rights of others. The band’s acoustic guitar melody and simple drum beat set the perfect tone for this powerful song.

Jody Brown is a renowned indigenous musician and songwriter from Saskatchewan, Canada. His music is influenced by his cultural heritage and personal experiences, creating soul-stirring compositions that touch the heart of listeners worldwide. Brown’s virtuosity on the sitar, a traditional Indian stringed instrument, mesmerizes listeners with his intricate raga-based pieces. He is also a prolific artist, public speaker, and philanthropist. His activism around the Trans Mountain pipeline calls out environmental racism and highlights the need for Indigenous peoples to stand up for their rights and sovereignty.

“Native Blood” by Testament

The song “Native Blood” from San Francisco Bay Area thrash metal legends Testament tells the story of an indigenous youth growing up in a society ravaged by racism. The young man finds strength through his roots and nature and ultimately becomes a powerful warrior.

Songwriter Amanda Rheaume is a member of the Metis Nation who works tirelessly to promote indigenous music and raise awareness about important issues. This track, from her album Zhawenim, is a literal “fuck you” to centuries of oppression—along with a promise that better days are coming.

The Nakota band Indigenous is a family of three brothers and two sisters who started playing together as kids on South Dakota’s Yankton Indian Reservation. Their father, Greg Zephier—who was a blues musician himself in the ’60s and ’70s and later became a spokesperson for Native American rights—provided his children with the musical inspiration that led them to form their award-winning group in 1998. The band’s debut album Things We Do was a hit, and the title track’s video won an honor from B.B. King and was shown at the Sundance Film Festival.

“215” by Atsiaktonkie

Native American music has become more than just a form of expression. It is now used as a tool to raise awareness about issues affecting indigenous communities. Bands like Pete Sands & the Drifters use their music to help bring attention to issues such as the missing and murdered indigenous women epidemic.

The band, Indigenous, features Mato Nanji (Mah-TOE non-GEE) on vocals and guitar. The two-time Nammy award winner and his band expertly fuses folk-rock with the sounds of Akwesasne/Kanienkehaka (Mohawk) culture. The result is an eclectic blend of soulful offerings that will take listeners on a spiritual journey.

The lead guitarist, Levi, has the natural talent to slide across the stage with power chords that will have audiences captivated. His sound is reminiscent of classic rockers such as Stevie Ray Vaughn and Jimi Hendrix.

“Warrior” by War Party

Powered by transpersonal rage and aimed with elucidated anger, this song screams “the time for mere exposure of social evil is over.” It is the moment to strike back. “Warrior” is the anthem of the Kalika War Party Movement.

The group consists of brothers Mato Nanji (‘mah-TOE non-GEE’ vocals, guitar), Pte (‘peh-TAY’ bass guitar), and sister Wanbdi (‘wan-ba-DEE’ drums). Their father Greg Zephier was a musician in the ’60s and ’70s and later became a spokesperson for Native American rights. His musical influence shaped the group.

Originally from Canada, singer/songwriter Amanda Rheaume is an important voice in Indigenous music. She has released five full-length albums, and her 2013 album Keep a Fire was nominated for a JUNO Award. She is committed to raising Indigenous sovereignty in the music industry.

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